Kisspeptin is a neuropeptide hormone that plays a central role in the regulation of the reproductive hormone axis. It acts as a master regulator of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by binding to the KISS1 receptor (GPR54) in the hypothalamus. This triggers the release of GnRH, which subsequently stimulates the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), governing sex hormone production and reproductive function. Kisspeptin is increasingly recognized for its therapeutic potential in fertility, puberty regulation, and hormone restoration.